Australia's performance in the latest Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) has sparked discussion, with some suggesting that reading and math scores have reached an "all-time low." PISA is a global survey that evaluates the skills of 15-year-old students across 91 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. It measures how well students can apply their knowledge to real-life situations and includes insights from students about their classroom experiences. In the 2025 PISA, 91 countries and 760,000 students participated, with Australia contributing data from 766 schools and 14,658 students. Australian students performed above the OECD average in reading, science, and mathematics. In reading, they scored 491 points, compared to the OECD average of 461. In mathematics, their average was 478, slightly above the OECD average of 463. In science, they scored 509, higher than the OECD average of 482. A new component of the 2025 PISA focused on learning in the digital world, where Australian students scored 532, well above the OECD average of 500. However, the average scores in reading and math in 2025 were lower than in 2022, continuing a long-term decline since 2003. Globally, 20% of 15-year-olds are now considered low performers in these subjects. While the PISA survey does not explain the reasons for these trends, Federal Education Minister Jason Clare has suggested that excessive screen time in schools may be a factor. The OECD has also proposed that digital devices might impact reading skills, though this remains a hypothesis that needs further study. In Australia, 41% of students reported that science classes were disrupted by noise and disorder, compared to the OECD average of 31%. About 34% of Australian students said their peers did not listen to the teacher during science lessons. These findings are similar to those from previous PISA surveys in 2019 and 2022. However, self-reported data can be influenced by personal opinions and may not always reflect actual classroom conditions. On a positive note, Australian students reported a strong school culture, with 79% saying their teachers showed interest in all students' learning, compared to the OECD average of 69%. Additionally, 80% of students believed their teachers provided extra help when needed. The PISA results offer a foundation for reflecting on how to support the next generation in an increasingly complex world. Further research and analysis, including discussions with students and teachers, are needed to identify strengths and areas for improvement.