India is producing more green energy than ever before, but it struggles to distribute it effectively. Over the past decade, the share of renewable energy in India's energy mix has grown significantly. However, transportation and storage infrastructure is struggling to keep up with the increased, intermittent production. In July, during a particularly hot afternoon, renewable sources covered more than half of India's electricity demand, for the second time in the country's energy history. Briefly, solar, wind, hydro, and nuclear power production exceeded that of coal. According to the BBC, this highlighted the spectacular growth of decarbonized energy in India's energy mix. "This showed that renewable energy is no longer a marginal source relegated to the periphery of the electrical grid," said Sumant Sinha, CEO of ReNew Power, one of India's largest energy companies. The energy transition of the world's most populous country has accelerated over the past decade. Between 2016 and 2026, installed renewable energy capacity increased from barely 4 gigawatts (GW) to nearly 300 GW. Non-fossil capacities have reached 54% of the country's total capacity. For a country historically heavily dependent on polluting coal, this rapid transition illustrates the efforts made to decarbonize the electricity grid. However, the growth of renewables faces many challenges, starting with the lack and aging of transportation infrastructure. "In the first quarter of 2026, transportation constraints accounted for nearly two-thirds of all renewable energy production restrictions, or 300 GWh," estimates the energy-focused think tank Ember. In other words, a large part of clean energy is wasted because electricity transmission lines cannot deliver electrons to consumption areas. "Production projects can be built in 18 to 24 months," details Sumant Sinha. "The development of transportation infrastructure can take much longer because it involves obtaining right-of-way permits, expropriations, approvals, and coordination among many agencies. It is a problem that is becoming more significant as the grid expands." According to Ember's analysis, this gap between production projects and transportation infrastructure represents the major risk facing New Delhi's target of 500 GW of non-fossil electricity by 2030. Experts also suggest that the development of battery storage systems would allow better absorption of production surpluses. This would have allowed "storing energy and using it in the evening rather than wasting it," summarizes Vibhuti Garg, director for South Asia at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis. What would happen if, at the moment, all humans on Earth turned on the lights? Will India skip the fossil fuel stage and directly enter the electric era? However, India must deal with several factors: the explosion of battery prices, the scarcity of raw materials linked to the war in the Middle East, and the depreciation of the rupee have increased costs for companies specializing in electricity storage. This has led to the abandonment of many projects. According to estimates, the world's most populous country will need 400 to 500 billion dollars (350 to 440 billion euros) to achieve its target of 500 GW of renewable energy by 2030. Although the Paris Agreement stipulated that developed countries should financially support developing countries in their climate action, these funds have proven difficult to obtain. "Emerging and developing economies receive only about 15% of global investments in clean energy, despite representing nearly two-thirds of the world's population," specifies Sumant Sinha. Filling the funding gaps, transportation infrastructure, and storage will therefore be critical for India to successfully achieve its energy transition.