In a display case at the **Historical Museum of the Palatinate** in Speyer, a glass bottle has remained sealed since its discovery in 1867. The bottle, dating back to approximately 325 AD, contains about 1.5 liters of liquid, which is believed to be wine. However, the ethanol—what makes wine alcoholic—has long since disappeared. The bottle was found in a Roman tomb southwest of Speyer during the construction of a vineyard cabin. Two Roman tombs were uncovered, with six glass vessels in one and ten in the other, totaling 16 pieces. Only one of these vessels still contained liquid.
The bottle is described as a yellow-green glass container with a cylindrical shape and two dolphin-shaped handles. It is cataloged under the inventory number HM_C_9c and is estimated to be between 325 and 350 AD. Over the centuries, a stopper formed from wine, oil, and herbs has preserved its contents. Some reports mention a wax seal, though this detail is not included in the museum's official description.
The liquid in the lower third of the bottle is described as clear and compatible with wine, though it has not been officially confirmed. The **Deutsches Weininstitut**, the German Wine Institute, has conducted analyses on the liquid. Microbiologists have advised against opening the bottle due to the potential reaction of the liquid upon contact with air. Curator Ludger Tekampe noted that the bottle has remained unchanged for over 25 years.
The bottle is displayed in the wine museum section of the **Historical Museum of the Palatinate**, which documents 2000 years of viticulture along the Rhine. The museum also houses a bottle from the 1687 vintage, discovered in 1913. Speyer previously held the title of the world's oldest liquid wine, but this title was transferred in June 2024 when a 2000-year-old wine was discovered in a Roman mausoleum in Carmona, Spain. Researchers from the **University of Cordoba** identified wine in the urn, which was opened and analyzed, unlike the Speyer bottle.
The bottle will be 1701 years old in 2026 if 325 AD is taken as the exact year, though the museum rounds this to approximately 1700 years. The bottle remains sealed, with no one daring to uncork it due to the potential risks involved.
1700-Year-Old Roman Wine Bottle Still Sealed in German Museum
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