Rent controls in the Paris region have led to smaller rent increases, but many landlords are finding ways around the rules, according to a recent study by the Institut Paris Région. The findings confirm previous research showing that rent controls in areas like Paris and Seine-Saint-Denis have kept rent rises about 4% lower than in similar areas without such regulations. This has saved tenants in the Île-de-France region an estimated 450 million euros annually. Earlier research by the Atelier parisien d'urbanisme (Apur) found that since 2018, rent controls have reduced yearly rent increases by about 968 euros, or an average of 5% for tenants in Paris. While rent controls have helped reduce rent increases, they have had mixed effects on the rental market. A study by economists Guillaume Chapelle and Gabrielle Fack found that in cities with rent controls (excluding Île-de-France), there was an 8% drop in the number of rental advertisements since 2018. This decline may be partly due to more tenants occupying homes, as property ownership has become increasingly difficult. However, the policy also has financial implications for the state, as the slower growth in landlords' rental income has led to higher income tax revenue. Despite the intended benefits, many landlords are circumventing the rules. Nearly half of the homes in the region exceed the legal rent ceiling, with over 40% of analyzed leases still violating the limit. In Paris, the rate of exceedances reached 46% between August 2025 and August 2026, up from 31% the previous year. Seine-Saint-Denis has the second-highest rate in France, with 61% of exceedances in La Plaine Commune. These violations are partly due to the complexity of the regulations and the lack of resources for enforcement. Tenants, who are responsible for appealing violations, often avoid confronting landlords, while government agencies struggle to handle the volume of cases. Landlords who break the rules can face fines of up to 5,000 euros for individuals and 15,000 euros for companies. The current rent control policy is set to expire on November 26, but the government plans to extend it in the affected cities at least until 2028. It also intends to support and amend a socialist bill passed by the National Assembly last year, which is now being reviewed by the Senate. The government's approach suggests it is considering long-term solutions to balance tenant protection with the challenges of the rental market.