Rocky exoplanet found with lava-covered surface

Astronomers have discovered a rocky exoplanet named TOI-561 b, which is covered in lava and may have an atmosphere that reflects solar energy. This planet is located about 280 light-years from Earth and has characteristics that challenge existing scientific understanding.

Atmosphere presence challenges current theories

Anjali Piette, an associate professor of astronomy at the University of Birmingham and co-author of the study, noted that TOI-561 b should have lost its atmosphere long ago due to intense stellar radiation. However, new evidence suggests it still has a significant atmosphere, raising questions about how it has remained intact.

Planet's day side remains cooler than expected

TOI-561 b was observed for 37 hours, covering nearly four of its orbits around its star. Previous measurements showed that its day side was much cooler than expected for a planet so close to its star. This suggests that a significant portion of the incoming solar energy is being redirected or reflected.

High reflectivity comparable to Venus

Researchers found that TOI-561 b reflects approximately 75 percent of the incident stellar radiation, a high proportion similar to that of Venus, which has a dense atmosphere. This reflectivity could be due to clouds composed of silicates, which may act as a solar shield.

Atmosphere may be continuously renewed

The study suggests that TOI-561 b’s atmosphere could be continuously replenished by gases released from its molten interior. This mechanism may explain how the planet has retained its atmosphere despite intense stellar radiation. Further observations with the James Webb Space Telescope could clarify its atmospheric composition and long-term stability.