The health effects of climate change are becoming more noticeable, particularly through extreme heat and the harmful effects of wildfire smoke. These environmental changes are increasing the risk of serious health issues, such as heatstroke and respiratory problems. In response, cities and researchers are testing various strategies to reduce these risks and protect public health. One effective example comes from New York City, which adjusted its heat alert system. Previously, the city issued warnings when temperatures reached 105°F (40.6°C) for a single day or 95°F (35°C) for two consecutive days. By lowering the threshold to 100°F (37.8°C) for a single day or 95°F (35°C) for two days, the city saw more than a 50% drop in hospitalizations related to heat stroke and other heat-related illnesses. This change highlights the value of early warnings in preventing serious health issues. Other strategies include the use of air conditioning and heat pumps, which have strong evidence of reducing heat-related deaths and hospital visits. However, their benefits are limited by factors like power outages, high costs, and unequal access. Outdoor workers also benefit from strategies like taking regular breaks, staying hydrated, and using shade, which have been shown to reduce illnesses and improve productivity. In cities, reflective surfaces and green spaces can help lower temperatures, though the evidence for their effectiveness is somewhat less strong than other methods. Heat warning systems that include coordinated actions—such as checking on vulnerable individuals and providing utility protections—have proven highly effective. Personalized alerts powered by artificial intelligence can also help by addressing individual health needs. However, cooling centers, which are intended to offer relief during heatwaves, have limited evidence of success, as they are often not used enough to make a significant impact. For wildfire smoke, using air filters and N95 masks has shown some effectiveness in reducing exposure to harmful particles. Land management practices, such as controlled burns, have mixed results in reducing fire risks. Smoke alerts, a newer approach, lack enough data to determine their impact. Experts agree that while reducing carbon emissions is essential for long-term solutions, immediate adaptive measures are also necessary. More research and funding are needed to identify the most effective and scalable strategies to protect public health from the immediate effects of climate change.