Reading for pleasure offers a wide range of health benefits, according to a recent review by researchers from the University of Cambridge. Professor Barbara Sahakian and Dr Christelle Langley, both from the department of psychiatry, found that reading improves mental health, academic performance, empathy, and can even lower the risk of dementia. Their study was published in the journal Psychological Medicine and coincides with the National Year of Reading, a campaign promoting the value of literature. The research was also supported by The Queen’s Reading Room, a charity founded by Queen Elizabeth II to highlight the benefits of reading. The review highlights a study involving over 10,000 young people, which found that children who engage in recreational reading early on tend to have better memory, concentration, and problem-solving skills. These young readers also achieve higher academic results, experience fewer mental health issues, and are more likely to sleep better and spend less time on screens. Dr Langley emphasized the importance of introducing children to reading in a way that interests them, suggesting that starting with books related to their favorite TV shows or games could be an effective approach. She also noted that comics and graphic novels may be a less intimidating way for some children to begin reading. The study found that reading benefits people of all ages, improving brain function, mental health, and reducing the risk of cognitive decline. In adults, reading was linked to reduced stress, greater empathy, better wellbeing, and lower loneliness. Research also suggests that engaging in mentally stimulating activities like reading can lower the risk of dementia, even among those with less formal education. Brain imaging studies showed that reading can lead to structural and functional changes in areas of the brain responsible for decision-making, emotional regulation, and understanding others. These benefits are not limited by socioeconomic status, according to the study. Book clubs and shared reading groups were also highlighted for their social benefits. Professor Sahakian noted that these groups can reduce feelings of isolation and improve mental health, which in turn can lower dementia risk. For older adults who may have mobility issues, reading groups offer a way to stay engaged and connected. She emphasized that it's "never too late to start" reading, as the benefits can be felt at any stage of life. Despite these findings, reading levels among children and teenagers have reached their lowest point in recorded history, particularly among those from disadvantaged backgrounds. A recent study by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development found that 15-year-olds globally are performing worse in reading than at any time this century, which is also affecting their performance in math and science. Meanwhile, research on older adults found that those who read regularly were significantly less likely to develop cognitive impairment. Another study linked reading newspapers, magazines, and books to a 33% lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease. The Queen’s Reading Room has also found that just five minutes of reading fiction can reduce stress by up to 20%, improve focus, and help people feel less lonely. Vicki Perrin, chief executive of the Queen’s Reading Room, said that books can truly improve quality of life and that the charity is committed to helping people incorporate more reading into their daily routines.