The 'school form' model, rooted in 16th-century pedagogy, continues to shape modern education with its focus on writing, discipline, and isolation from the outside world.
Origins of the school form
The "school form" originated in the 16th and 17th centuries and remains a foundational model for modern education systems. It is described by sociologist Guy Vincent as a structured framework that organizes time and space for teaching, emphasizing writing, rules, and the transmission of knowledge.Design principles of the school form
This model introduced the idea of a dedicated educational space, organized around schedules and separated from the outside world. Schools built from the 1860s onwards often resembled monasteries, with playgrounds enclosed by high walls to shield students from distractions.Schools as social institutions in France
In France during the Third Republic, school design was carefully planned alongside teaching methods and teacher training. The goal was to build a strong educational institution seen as essential for societal progress, with the school form continuing to serve three main purposes: providing a safe space for children, preparing them for social life, and teaching them basic knowledge.Challenges to the closed school model
Pascal Clerc argues that schools cannot be completely isolated from their surroundings, as the social dynamics of a neighborhood influence the school environment. He points out that the concept of "National Education" may be misleading, as schools in different areas can vary greatly in their experiences and realities.Curriculum and societal relevance
Despite calls for more openness, school curricula often remain disconnected from real-world issues. Clerc has noted that students frequently lack understanding of complex topics like climate change, suggesting that education could better address interdisciplinary issues that affect society.
