Fossilized remains show possible spear wound

A fossilized human remains, believed to be the earliest known case of a human killed by a spear, has been discovered in the Shanidar Cave in Iraqi Kurdistan. The remains, dating back 75,000 years, belong to a Neanderthal who may have been mortally wounded by a spear, based on a perforation mark on the scapula.

Researchers uncertain about the nature of the wound

The researchers are unsure whether the spear strike was an intentional act or a tragic accident. They also do not know whether the attacker was another Neanderthal or a member of the Homo sapiens species, leaving the circumstances of the injury unclear.

Shanidar Cave has long been a site of Neanderthal discoveries

The remains of the victim were found in the Shanidar Cave, located in Iraqi Kurdistan. This site has been the focus of many discoveries that have helped improve the understanding of Neanderthals, their way of life, and their evolution over time.

Evidence of Neanderthal use of spears

Despite the poor preservation of wooden tools, which is common, there is evidence that Neanderthals used spears as early as 400,000 years ago. This new discovery helps fill gaps in knowledge about whether these weapons were used for hunting or to settle conflicts with other hominids.

Archaeologist highlights significance of the find

"It is extraordinary to find a perfectly preserved scapula dating back 75,000 years," explains Emma Pomeroy, an archaeologist at the University of Cambridge. "These bones are so thin that it is rare to find complete scapulas in modern burials. We were able to extract it as a single block from under nearly eight meters of rock and sediment."

Researchers consider both accidental and intentional possibilities

Researchers estimate that the hypothesis of a fatal accident is quite likely. For example, a group of Neanderthals might have attempted to spear a mammoth from very close range, resulting in a failed attempt. However, the location of the hole in the scapula is consistent with a deliberate murder, as it would be observed if the shooter aimed for the heart.

Neanderthals were not purely violent

Unlike the image often given in the past, Neanderthals cannot be reduced to violent brutes. However, this does not mean they were pacifists incapable of violence, indicating a more complex understanding of their behavior and social dynamics.