Since the September 11, 2001 attacks, security procedures in civil aviation have become significantly more rigorous, applying to both passengers and flight crews. In Europe, an implementing regulation (EU) 2015/1998 outlines airport security measures, including those for flight crews. This regulation states that "persons other than passengers must be subject to inspection/screening," though this may be done "in a random and continuous manner" based on a risk assessment. While passengers are the primary focus of security checks, especially concerning their luggage and personal items, flight crews are also subject to similar, if not nearly as thorough, measures. The regulation specifies that the same inspection methods used for passengers apply to "persons other than passengers," which includes cabin crew and flight crews. This includes checks on their luggage and personal belongings. However, the regulation allows for flexibility, stating that flight crews may be subject to inspections "in a random and continuous manner" determined by the competent authority based on risk assessment. Additionally, "persons other than passengers" may be "exempt from inspection/screening" if accompanied by an authorized person. The list of prohibited items for flight crews is much shorter and less detailed than that for passengers. While passengers are restricted from carrying items like scissors, cutters, razor blades, or ice picks, these items are not explicitly listed as prohibited for flight crews. Instead, a more general rule prohibits bringing on board "any other equipment that could be used to cause serious injuries and which is generally not used in security zones." This indicates that the rules for flight crews are more flexible, though not entirely unrestricted. Despite these rules, flight crews still have access to certain objects that would normally be prohibited for passengers. For example, a small axe is kept in the cockpit of some aircraft, as explained by an Air France pilot in Le Nouvel Obs. This tool is used for tasks such as removing plastic fittings to locate electrical fires. The fact that a co-pilot was able to seize a bladed weapon to attack his pilot on a commercial flight with FlyDubaï highlights potential gaps in the current security framework, suggesting that while rules exist, enforcement and coverage may still be inconsistent.