Tesla is seeking approval from the European Union’s 27 member states to roll out its Full Self-Driving (FSD) software across the bloc. A vote on the matter is set for October 6. The company has already deployed its supervised FSD driving assistance system in several European countries, including the Netherlands, Denmark, Belgium, Estonia, and Lithuania. Tesla claims that vehicles using FSD Supervised have a significantly lower accident rate compared to manually driven cars, based on data from over 100 million kilometers traveled in these five countries between April and August. According to the company, FSD vehicles had three highway collisions and nine non-highway collisions during that time, compared to 137 and 490 for manually driven vehicles. Tesla has also made an open-access dashboard of this data available on its website, which was shared with EU member states in April after the Dutch authority, RDW, approved FSD in the Netherlands. Tesla has adapted its FSD Supervised system to meet the European regulation UN-R-171, which sets standards for automated driving systems. However, the company is requesting an exemption for certain behaviors under Article 39 of European law, using the dashboard as support for this request. Tesla cites extensive global testing, including 10.5 billion kilometers driven with FSD and 230,000 driving scenarios tested in six cities, with a success rate above 99%. The company highlights that European roads recorded 19,400 deaths in 2025, about 53 per day, most of which are attributed to human error. Despite Tesla’s claims, some regulators and experts have expressed concerns about the methodology used to generate the data. Critics argue that Tesla’s statistics for Dutch and Swedish regulators are based on a hypothetical scenario where the entire American vehicle fleet was replaced with FSD-equipped cars. According to these calculations, FSD vehicles would travel seven times more kilometers between accidents than an average American driver, potentially preventing 32,000 deaths and 1.9 million injuries annually in the U.S. Dudley Curtis from the European Transport Safety Council called the figures “certainly concerning,” while Norwegian regulator Stein-Helge Mundal referred to the data as “self-produced.” In the Netherlands, RDW does not rely on Tesla’s marketing statistics and instead conducts its own road tests. Similarly, in Sweden, investigator Anders Eriksson bases his evaluation on more than just Tesla’s numbers. Nordic countries have raised additional concerns, with a Finnish investigator doubting the system’s reliability on icy roads and a Swedish official calling for a ban on a feature that allows the system to temporarily exceed speed limits. Tesla has faced criticism in the U.S. for using the term "Full Self-Driving" in a way that has been deemed misleading, leading to sanctions. In Europe, regulators like RDW have not published the data they use for decision-making, citing commercial sensitivity. In France, the issue is currently closed, at least for now. Transport Minister Philippe Tabarot announced on July 23 that FSD would not be authorized on French territory. He noted that the system can drive up to 50 percent above speed limits in certain situations and questioned its ability to maintain sufficient vigilance during lane changes, intersections, or roundabouts. Four European countries—Netherlands, Lithuania, Estonia, and Denmark—have already approved FSD. However, France has refused to activate the European mutual recognition mechanism, which would automatically approve these certifications on its territory. Instead, France is working with Germany, Luxembourg, and fifteen other European countries to develop a common certification framework for autonomous vehicles, expected to be implemented by 2027.