Every year in August, one of the largest meteor showers of the year occurs: the Perseids. But if you look at the night sky next year, what will you see? Depending on where you are, perhaps just a grey or orange sky on which you can see the constellation of the Big Dipper, and especially moving light points, which are satellites in low Earth orbit. The increasing number of artificial lights from Earth and from space is making it harder to see the stars. This phenomenon, known as light pollution, is becoming a major concern for astronomers and environmentalists alike. Light pollution from Earth is more familiar and easier to manage. In France, efforts to reduce this type of pollution are guided by the Environment Code and a 2022 decree that regulates the design and operation of outdoor lighting. These rules aim to balance the needs of urban and rural areas while protecting the night environment. The National Association for the Protection of the Sky and the Night Environment (ANPCEN) defines light pollution as the degradation of the night environment by artificial light emissions, which can harm ecosystems and human health. In France, there are also seven International Starry Sky Reserves (RICE), which are areas recognized for their exceptional night skies. However, these reserves do not have official government recognition, which limits their influence on public policy. Light pollution from space is a newer and growing problem. It is caused by satellites that reflect sunlight, making them visible to the naked eye. The number of satellites in low Earth orbit has increased dramatically, with about 15,000 expected by 2026. These satellites can interfere with both professional and amateur astronomy, and their combined effect could make the night sky up to 10% brighter than natural levels. Efforts to regulate this form of pollution involve collaboration between astronomers, satellite companies, and governments. Organizations such as the IAU Center for the Protection of the Dark and Quiet Sky Against Interference from Satellite Constellations (IAU CPS) work with satellite operators to develop technical guidelines and promote international cooperation. A more controversial form of light pollution involves intentional use of sunlight from space. In July 2026, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved a project by Reflect Orbital to use a space reflector to direct sunlight to specific areas on Earth. This raises legal and ethical questions about the regulation of such activities, the potential for international agreements, and whether sunlight could be considered an "extraterrestrial substance" under international law. Strengthened coordination between satellite operators, astronomers, and public authorities is essential to protect the night sky from all sources of light pollution. And even each of us, who are both observers of the night sky and users of space services, can contribute to its protection through active civic engagement.