Pro-Macron and left-wing European Parliament members have been accused by National Rally figures Marine Le Pen and Jordan Bardella of supporting a policy that would increase fuel prices at the pump by 15 cents per liter. These claims relate to a revision of the European carbon quota market, known as ETS2, which was approved by the European Parliament on April 18, 2023. This reform aims to expand the carbon quota system to cover fuels and the building sector, particularly heating, and is set to take effect on January 1, 2028. The reform is part of broader efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transition toward a low-carbon economy. According to a source in the European Parliament, emissions have dropped by 45% between 2005 and 2023. The ETS2 reform, also referred to as SEQE-UE-62, was not only voted on but was adopted more than three years ago. However, French left-wing European Parliament members did not all support the new carbon quota system. While their political groups had a majority in favor, individual members showed varied responses. Five socialist or similar members abstained, and 12 ecologists mostly voted against, with some voting for or abstaining. Members of La France insoumise also largely opposed the reform, as did most of their parliamentary group. In contrast, pro-Macron members voted in favor, as did their political group. The National Rally members, however, opposed the reform, as did their entire political group. On September 15, the European Parliament approved two additional texts related to the stability reserve of the two carbon quota systems—one for industry and the other for transport and construction. This stability reserve is a mechanism designed to release more carbon quota credits into the market when the price of a quota exceeds 45 euros per ton, helping to prevent sharp price increases. According to a European source, this system is intended to protect consumers from the financial effects of market volatility and potential negative impacts of the carbon quota system. A report published in the National Assembly in October 2025, aligned with the forecasts of the General Directorate of Infrastructure, Transport and Mobility (DGTIM), estimated that the implementation of ETS2, assuming a carbon price of 60 euros per ton of CO2, would lead to a 15-cent increase per liter of gasoline and a 17-cent increase per liter of diesel, excluding VAT. These increases would have a significant social and economic impact on households and businesses. In October 2025, the DGTIM warned that the economic consequences could be even more severe, as independent studies predicted carbon prices could reach 100 to 150 euros per ton, far exceeding the initial 60 euros. A 2024 report by the Court of Auditors noted that if the carbon price rose to 50 euros per ton, energy prices in France could increase by 11 to 13% for gas and 10 to 11% for fuel. The court warned that without compensatory measures, household purchasing power could be significantly reduced.