For the first time since the 1980s, the intensity of work in France has seen a decline, according to a study by Dares, the statistical service of the Ministry of Labour. The research, based on over 25,000 face-to-face interviews, found that the percentage of employees exposed to at least three "rhythm constraints" dropped from 43% in 2016 to 38% in 2024. These constraints include the relentless pace of machines, constant oversight from management, and digital monitoring. The decline was seen across all job categories except for unskilled workers, whose exposure remained unchanged. The most significant improvement was among unskilled workers, with a 10-point drop in exposure, while skilled workers saw a smaller decline of 2 points.
Remote work has had a positive impact on the working conditions of managers, who reported a decrease in time pressure. In 2024, 39% of managers said they often or always worked under pressure, down from 43% in 2016. However, unskilled workers remained the only group for which time pressure had not decreased. Overall, the proportion of employees who felt they had to "always or often hurry" dropped by 4 points, with the most significant improvement among managers, who saw an 8-point drop. Unskilled workers, however, saw a slight increase in this category.
Despite these improvements, physical working conditions remain high and largely unchanged since 2016. Nearly 40% of employees are exposed to at least three of six physical constraints, such as standing for long periods, lifting heavy loads, or working in uncomfortable postures. Exposure to these physical constraints has worsened in several categories: intermediate professions, workers, skilled employees, and unskilled employees all saw increases, while managers experienced a slight decrease.
Psychosocial risks have also seen a slight decline. In 2024, 41% of employees reported lacking autonomy in organizing their work, down from 44% in 2016. This decrease was most notable among unskilled workers and managers. While autonomy in performing tasks has remained stable, it still affects less than a third of employees. Relationships with superiors and colleagues have also improved, with fewer employees reporting poor relationships. However, 23% of employees still feel isolated at work, a figure that has slightly decreased but remains high.
Employee satisfaction has risen significantly, with 82% of workers often or always feeling pride in their work, an increase of 10 points since 2016. However, challenges remain: nearly a quarter of employees feel hindered by a lack of resources, and one-third feel they lack enough colleagues. While the overall picture is positive, concerns about long-term work capability have grown, with 41% of employees in 2024 feeling they may not be able to perform the same work until retirement—up from 38% in 2016. This trend is especially pronounced among unskilled workers. The Dares has not yet provided an explanation for this increase, and more detailed analysis of the study is expected in the future. The research was conducted between July 2024 and April 2025.
Work Intensity Decreases in France, but Concerns Remain Among Employees
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