Record-breaking heatwaves and droughts in the UK have led to an unexpected boost for cider and perry producers. The extreme weather has concentrated natural sugars in fruit, particularly in apples and pears, which are key ingredients in cider and perry. This concentration of sugars has the potential to create stronger alcoholic beverages, with some ciders possibly reaching alcohol by volume (ABV) levels above 8.5 percent. This is significant because any drink with an ABV over 8.5 percent is taxed as wine rather than cider, leading to higher duties for producers.
In France, similar heat conditions have pushed the alcohol content of Champagne up to 15 percent, an unusual level that has required a special regulatory exemption. As a result, major Champagne producers are looking to expand their vineyards into cooler regions, with southern England now seen as a viable location. The UK's dry conditions have also led to smaller, sweeter fruits, which, while beneficial for flavor concentration, have caused some trees to wilt and snap, posing challenges for growers.
Perry, a type of alcoholic drink made from fermented pears, is expected to benefit from the higher sugar levels, potentially leading to a bumper harvest. However, the increased ABV may cause stronger hangovers for some drinkers. Gillian Hough, vice-chair of the Campaign for Real Ale, noted that while the sweetness in the fruit translates into higher alcohol content, perry remains sweet due to a sugar-like compound called sorbitol that does not ferment. This makes it a unique product in the cider market.
The shift in climate has also influenced the beverage industry's long-term strategies. As temperatures rise across Europe, sparkling wine producers are investing in vineyards in southern England, where the climate is becoming more suitable for grape cultivation. Maxime Toubart, co-chairman of the Comite Champagne, suggested that the current unusual harvest could become the norm in the next decade or so, prompting the industry to rethink what the future of champagne might look like.
UK Heatwaves and Drought May Lead to Stronger Cider and Champagne
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