In Ile-de-France, 16 days of ozone pollution episodes were recorded this summer, the highest number since 2003. According to Airparif, a local air quality monitoring organization, climate change has played a "major role" in air quality during this heatwave summer. The episodes, marked by heatwaves, were noted for their "earliness and unprecedented duration," according to Airparif's report released on October 1st. These episodes were caused by strong sunshine and high temperatures, which transform certain pollutants—often from road traffic—into ozone, a harmful gas that can cause respiratory problems and asthma attacks. While the number of ozone pollution days was high, Airparif noted that the levels of ozone concentration were lower than in 2003. This summer, the maximum ozone concentration recorded was 240 micrograms per cubic meter on June 27. For comparison, during the heatwave of 2003, the highest concentration observed was 282 micrograms per cubic meter. This suggests that while the frequency of ozone pollution has increased, the intensity may have decreased compared to previous years. The summer was also marked by forest fires in the Fontainebleau forest, located south of Ile-de-France. On July 14, 2,000 hectares of forest burned, releasing fine particles into the air. That day, the Airparif station in Recloses, in Seine-et-Marne, which is approximately 5 km from the fires, recorded a concentration of fine particles of about 400 micrograms per cubic meter. This is the second-highest concentration ever recorded by the organization, highlighting the significant impact of such events on local air quality. Airparif's findings underscore the complex relationship between climate change, pollution, and public health. As temperatures rise and extreme weather events become more frequent, the challenge of maintaining clean air becomes increasingly urgent. The data from this summer serves as a reminder of the need for continued monitoring and effective environmental policies to protect public health.