A study conducted by Santé publique France (SPF) revealed that nearly 450,000 workers in Metropolitan France were exposed to pesticides in their professional activities in 2019. This is the first comprehensive study to assess pesticide exposure across the entire working population. Researchers combined data from the national population census, the general agricultural census, and the Matgéné program, which evaluates occupational risks. The study included both salaried workers—such as seasonal and temporary workers—and self-employed individuals. According to the findings, 1.7% of the working population aged 20 to 74 in Metropolitan France were exposed to at least one plant protection product. This translates to 449,260 people. Women made up 25% of the exposed group. Among self-employed workers, such as farm managers, 9% were exposed, compared to only 0.7% among salaried workers. This means that self-employed women exposed to pesticides were 16 times more common than salaried women, and self-employed men were 10 times more common than salaried men. Approximately 90% of those exposed to pesticides worked in the agricultural sector, totaling 402,290 people. The remaining 10% were in the tertiary sector, which includes jobs like gardeners, warehouse workers handling fruits and vegetables, and those in wholesale trade, with 41,270 individuals exposed. A smaller number—5,050 workers—were exposed in the industrial sector. Between 2007 and 2019, the percentage of workers exposed to pesticides decreased from 2.2% to 1.7%, a reduction of about 100,000 people. This decline is attributed to fewer agricultural operators and stricter regulations on the use of synthetic pesticides in public green spaces, which reduced exposure among gardeners and similar professions. The study also pointed out potential health risks associated with pesticide exposure, including a higher risk of Parkinson's disease, leukemia, lymphomas, myelomas, and prostate cancer. Exposure during pregnancy may increase the risk of pediatric cancers, neurodevelopmental issues, and growth problems in children. The study specifically noted that chlorpyrifos, a known neurotoxin, may contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease in adults. Despite its value, the study has some limitations. It did not account for the use of personal protective equipment or differentiate between pesticides with varying levels of health risk. However, the findings could help improve exposure monitoring systems and create more effective policies to reduce health risks for workers.