In the 1970s, NASA launched two space probes, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2, each carrying a golden record containing sounds, music, and images of Earth. These records, known as the Voyager Golden Records, were designed to be a message in a bottle for any extraterrestrial civilization that might one day find them. Each record is 30 centimeters in diameter, made of copper covered with gold, and enclosed in a protective case made of gold-plated aluminum. The case includes a playback needle and engravings that explain how to play the disc. Unlike modern digital formats, the records do not require electricity, batteries, or specific technology to play, making them a durable and universal medium for communication.
The records contain a wide variety of sounds, from natural phenomena like wind, rain, and thunder, to human-made noises such as a jackhammer and the gallop of a horse. They also feature greetings in over 50 languages, baby cries, animal sounds, and excerpts from literature and music from around the world. Encoded images are also included, which can be reconstructed using the precise instructions provided on the case. The idea was that a civilization capable of detecting the probe could use the information on the case to place the needle on the disc, rotate it at the correct speed, and convert the audio signal into visual images.
The case itself acts as a user manual, providing a map of the positions of pulsars—rapidly spinning stars that emit regular pulses of radiation—relative to the Sun. This map helps determine when the probe was launched and where Earth is located in the galaxy. Diagrams on the case explain how to convert the audio signal from the disc into images, ensuring that any advanced civilization capable of detecting the probe could decode the message.
Both Voyager probes are now in interstellar space, beyond the influence of the Sun. Voyager 1 crossed the boundary of the heliosphere in 2012, and Voyager 2 followed in 2018. They are moving away from the solar system in different directions, with Voyager 1 now traveling slightly faster than Voyager 2. As they drift further into space, their instruments have been largely turned off, leaving them silent except for the music and messages encoded on the golden discs. These records, created by a civilization that no longer has the technology to play them, continue their journey through the cosmos, carrying a message from Earth to the unknown.
Voyager Probes Carry Unplayable Golden Records into Interstellar Space
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