France switches to winter time early

France will switch to winter time on October 25, 2026, the earliest possible date, marking the first change of the year. This date corresponds to the last Sunday of October, following a rule set by the European Union in 1998.

Origins in the 1973-1974 oil crisis

The practice of adjusting clocks twice a year was introduced in 1976 as a response to the 1973-1974 oil crisis, when the price of a barrel of oil quadrupled. The goal was to reduce electricity use by aligning human activities with natural daylight.

Shift in energy consumption patterns

Modern energy use has changed significantly since the 1970s. Lighting now accounts for only 5 to 10% of household electricity use, compared to over 30% in the past. Heating and air conditioning now make up a much larger share of energy bills.

Economic costs of time change

Studies show that the time change no longer saves energy. Switching to winter time increases heating use in the morning, as the sun rises later, offsetting any savings from reduced evening lighting. Companies also consume more energy to maintain comfortable temperatures during darker mornings.

Health and productivity impacts

Time changes have direct health effects, with an increase in cardiovascular incidents following the switch. Sleep disruptions reduce concentration and productivity, particularly affecting parents of young children and the elderly. These effects are not just personal but also have economic implications.

Public support for ending the practice

In 2018, 4.6 million Europeans participated in a public consultation on the time change, with 84% supporting its abolition. The European Parliament voted in 2019 to end the practice, aiming for implementation by 2021. However, the Council of the European Union has yet to agree on a permanent solution.

Political stalemate and ongoing costs

Despite the parliamentary vote, the Council of the European Union remains deadlocked, with northern countries preferring winter time and southern countries favoring summer time for tourism. The issue was put on hold during the Covid-19 pandemic, leaving the current system in place. Annual costs for businesses to adjust systems and manage disruptions continue to rise.

French tradition continues in 2026

On October 25, 2026, the French will set their clocks back at 3 a.m., continuing a tradition that has outlived its original purpose. The practice, initiated in 1976, now faces criticism for being economically counterproductive and politically unresolved.