Global life expectancy improves significantly

Approximately 46% of the world’s population now lives in regions where life expectancy is 75 years or more, up from just 16% at the start of the 2000s. This increase is based on research by Christian Vandermotten and Christian Dessouroux from the Free University of Brussels, published in the journal Population & Sociétés.

Life expectancy rises globally

The average life expectancy worldwide has increased by nearly seven years over the past 25 years, rising from 66.5 years in the early 2000s to 73.2 years in 2023. In sub-Saharan Africa, the increase has been particularly dramatic, with life expectancy rising by 11 years, from 52.1 years in 2000 to 63.1 years in 2023.

Key factors in improved life expectancy

The decline in mortality is attributed to three main public health strategies: expanded access to essential infant vaccines, improved medical care during pregnancy and childbirth, and the distribution of HIV/AIDS treatments. These efforts have helped control a major health crisis and significantly reduced deaths in many regions.

Leaders in life expectancy

Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan lead the world in life expectancy, with averages of 83 to 84 years. Mediterranean Europe also performs well, with an average of 83.4 years. These regions share common factors such as a diet rich in vegetables, fish, and healthy fats, regular physical activity, and strong social connections.

The United States lags behind

Despite having a highly expensive healthcare system, the United States remains behind other developed nations in life expectancy. Researchers suggest this is due to factors such as the consumption of ultra-processed foods, lack of physical activity, obesity, and the high cost of daily care for many people.

Slower progress in developed countries

Improvements in life expectancy in developed countries are slowing. Advances in reducing cardiovascular disease are plateauing, new cancer treatments have yet to significantly impact longevity, and progress in treating neurodegenerative diseases remains limited.

Focus shifts to healthy aging

The goal of increasing life expectancy is now being complemented by a focus on aging in good health. While medicines play a role, real prevention starts at age 40 through diet, regular physical activity, and quality sleep.