French Minister Aurore Bergé, the deputy minister for Gender Equality and the Fight Against Discrimination, recently stated that individuals have the right to discuss the so-called "great replacement" theory, as it falls under the principle of freedom of expression. While Bergé called the theory false and not supported by statistical evidence, she acknowledged that it is part of political discourse. The theory, first introduced in 2010 by French writer Renaud Camus, claims that native French people are being systematically replaced by non-European populations, allegedly with the support of elites. Although it has been widely dismissed by scientists, the idea has found a following among far-right groups in France and other countries. Prisca Thévenot, a deputy from the Renaissance party, strongly criticized Bergé’s comments. Thévenot argued that the "great replacement" theory is not only racist but also a dangerous conspiracy theory that has been linked to terrorist attacks. She emphasized that racism is a criminal act and that the theory should not be considered a legitimate political opinion. Thévenot's stance reflects broader concerns among some politicians about the potential normalization of extremist ideas through public debate. Several other politicians have joined Thévenot in condemning Bergé’s remarks. Among them are Manuel Bompard and Danièle Obono from the Left (LFI) party, as well as Antoine Léaument, Benjamin Lucas from the Greens, and Aurélien Rousseau from Place Publique. These lawmakers criticized Bergé for her position, arguing that it could weaken efforts to combat discrimination and racism. They believe that allowing such theories into political discourse risks legitimizing harmful ideologies. The debate highlights the ongoing tension in France between upholding free speech and preventing the spread of harmful, discriminatory ideas. While Bergé maintains that the theory should be discussed openly, others argue that it crosses the line into promoting racism and incitement. The discussion underscores the challenges faced by policymakers in balancing democratic values with the need to protect society from extremist narratives.