According to Adam Taylor, a professor of anatomy at the medical faculty of Lancaster in the United Kingdom, people tend to shrink by about one centimeter every ten years after the age of 40. Men lose between 0.08 and 0.1 percent of their height annually, while women lose between 0.12 and 0.14 percent. This shrinkage can be partly explained by a posture that becomes increasingly hunched with age. People who sit or stand for long periods with their spine arched—such as office workers—may naturally adopt this posture over time. Older individuals sometimes lean forward to find a more stable center of gravity. The change also happens in depth. Between the ages of 30 and 35, height reaches a peak, after which bone and muscle mass begins to decrease. The intervertebral discs—small, spongy structures between the bones of the spine—dehydrate and lose height. The interior of the bones in the spine, pelvis, and legs also lose density. "Gradually, the bones shrink slightly," explains Adam Taylor. The loss of muscle mass further intensifies this phenomenon, as muscles exert force on bones, helping them maintain their shape and size. The specialist notes that while it is impossible to prevent this process entirely, it can be slowed down. A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular strength training with weights, and limiting tobacco and alcohol consumption from an early age can help slow the loss of bone and muscle mass. Standing upright can also have beneficial effects. Shrinking is not necessarily a bad thing, according to Adam Taylor—in fact, we all shrink slightly every day from morning to evening, under the effect of gravity, which causes the discs to lose some of their water. However, significant losses of bone and muscle mass related to aging are associated with various chronic diseases, such as heart failure, osteoporosis, arthritis, and other joint problems or mobility issues. So it is better to take care of your bones. The independence and quality of The Guardian, a newspaper created in 1821, have made it a respected source of news in the United Kingdom. Known for its left-leaning, pro-European stance, The Guardian is the go-to newspaper for the intelligentsia, teachers, and trade unionists. Unlike other leading British newspapers, The Guardian chose to offer free access to its website. It switched to a tabloid format in 2018 as part of a cost-cutting strategy, as the newspaper had been losing money continuously for twenty years. This decision proved successful: in May 2019, the editor-in-chief, Katharine Viner, announced that the newspaper was profitable, the first time since 1998.