Winter cereals in Normandy at early stages

According to the first plant health bulletin (BSV) from October 21, winter cereals in Normandy are predominantly in the pre-emergence stage, with sowing beginning in October. The majority of fields are still in the process of emergence or remain to be sown, based on observations from the regional network. No significant pest pressure has been detected yet, though the situation remains to be confirmed in the coming weeks.

Wheat and barley fields show varied progress

Out of the 12 winter soft wheat fields observed, excluding the Manche, eight are in the pre-emergence stage, three have not yet been sown, and only one has reached emergence. This last field, located in Ailly, Eure, exemplifies the gradual start of the campaign. For winter barley, eight fields were monitored, with five in the pre-emergence stage and two having reached emergence or the stage of first leaf unfolded. The most advanced field was sown on October 5 in the Eure.

Rain may increase pest risk

The rains of the week could favor pest activity, particularly during the sensitive phase of cereals from emergence until the stage of three to four leaves. No snail damage has been recorded in the eight wheat and barley fields observed for this pest. On the only field where traps were checked, no snails were found under the device. However, this absence of observation should not lead to relaxation of vigilance.

Agronomic practices help prevent snail infestations

The BSV highlights the importance of agronomic measures before sowing, such as cultivation to destroy regrowth and young weeds that could serve as food for snails. Careful soil preparation helps reduce shelters formed by clods. Clayey, cloddy fields or those with significant crop residues are considered the most exposed situations.

Autumn aphid activity remains low

Regarding autumn aphids, the situation is currently calm. The four barley fields monitored in the Eure and Seine-Maritime show no presence of aphids this week. Cool temperatures are expected to slow their activity, though the mildness of recent weeks may have favored their flights. Aphids were observed in fields outside the BSV network the previous week. Field monitoring is still recommended, focusing on the hottest hours of the day when the insects are more visible on seedlings.

Monitoring is key for disease prevention

For varieties sensitive to barley yellow dwarf virus (JNO), the risk threshold is reached when 10% of the plants have at least one aphid or when the insects have been in the field for more than ten days. Early sowing, sheltered fields, and the proximity of cereal regrowth are risk factors. While initial observations are reassuring, continued monitoring is essential to anticipate any evolution in parasitic pressure.