French farmers are shifting to milk-fed calves for higher value, but the sector faces decline as prices rise and challenges persist.
Milk-fed calf production in France
The production of milk-fed calves raised under their mothers accounts for just 3% of all calves in France. This niche sector, though small, has potential for high value-added products.Franck Terrieux's farm in Queyssac-les-Vignes
Franck Terrieux, a former milk inspector, runs a farm in Queyssac-les-Vignes, south of the Corrèze department. He manages 72 hectares with 43 Limousin cows and has transitioned from raising suckling calves to milk-fed calves.Daily routine and production specifics
At Franck's farm, cows are brought to a building twice daily where calves suckle in straw-padded pens. He spends 30 to 90 minutes a day on calf care. His farm produces 26 Label Rouge calves annually, achieving an EBE of 44,485 €.Geographic concentration and industry decline
Milk-fed calf production is concentrated in Occitanie and Nouvelle-Aquitaine, with 2,000 farms in 2025. However, the number is declining, with even Corrèze, the leading producer, seeing a drop in calf numbers.Competition from suckling calves
The rise in prices has led many farmers to shift from milk-fed to suckling calves. Milk-fed calves are valued around 5 €/kg live weight, but the time commitment and labor intensity can deter some producers.Regulations and feeding requirements
Label Rouge standards require that 85% of a calf's diet come from suckling. This includes feeding from the mother or a dairy cow. Calves must be under five and a half months and weigh no more than 175 kg.Genetics and meat quality
Franck Terrieux focuses on genetics to enhance meat quality. He selects bulls with high muscle development for butchery and prioritizes maternal traits for breeding stock. The meat is known for being pale, tender, and marbled.Price increases and economic benefits
In 2025, the average price for milk-fed calves reached 9.29 €/kg of carcass, with Franck achieving up to 13 or 14 €/kg. This increase has helped retain farmers and improve disposable income despite high costs.Resilience and appeal of the sector
Milk-fed calf production offers quicker capital returns and is less sensitive to climate fluctuations. It is well-suited for small farms and has attracted women due to its manageable workload. Franck encourages young farmers to consider this production method for its quality and French origin.
