Farmers debate irrigation project in Provence

A major irrigation project in the Valensole plateau of Provence has sparked debate among local farmers, who are split on whether it will help or harm their agricultural practices. The project aims to significantly increase the area of land that can be irrigated, which could change the types of crops grown in the region.

Traditional crops face economic pressure

Farmers on the plateau, such as Yann Sauvaire, who manages around 100 hectares, are struggling with declining prices for essential oils derived from aromatic herbs like lavender. Droughts have also forced early harvesting, leading to financial losses. Sauvaire is trying to adapt by planting hedges and growing ancient cereal varieties to improve resilience to climate change.

Irrigation project details and funding

The "resilience irrigation" project, started in the early 2020s by the Provence Canal Company (SCP), plans to nearly triple the irrigated area on the plateau. This involves installing pipelines in five phases over ten years, with an initial budget of 50 million euros. The first phase improved a pumping station on Lake Sainte-Croix, and the second phase is currently underway.

Concerns about crop diversity and water use

The project could lead to more water-intensive crops like corn being grown on the plateau, potentially creating a divide between farms that can afford irrigation and those that cannot. Yannick Becker of the Peasants' Confederation warns that high water costs may push farmers toward high-value crops, but the SCP argues that existing irrigation networks have not caused a surge in water-heavy farming.

Costs and challenges for small farmers

The cost of irrigation points ranges from 2,625 to 17,500 euros, with water priced at 0.25 euros per cubic meter. However, some farmers worry that small producers may not be able to afford irrigation, especially as land prices on the plateau have risen sharply. This increase is attributed to tourism rather than the irrigation project itself.

Environmental and water management concerns

The project raises environmental concerns, particularly regarding the Verdon river, a key water source for 2 million people. Climate change is expected to reduce river inflows by 5 to 20%, but the SCP claims reserves will remain sufficient. Additionally, water intakes on the plateau are contaminated from past pesticide use, requiring costly filtration systems to ensure safe water for farming.