The Trump administration has proposed major changes to the 2030 Census, which could affect how congressional seats are distributed and how federal funds are allocated. A draft plan released recently would exclude noncitizens without a green card—such as refugees, asylum seekers, and undocumented individuals—from the population count. The proposal also suggests removing questions about race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation from the census form. The administration says the changes are intended to "ensure fidelity to the Constitution, improve and protect the core decennial census data, and promote efficiency." However, critics argue that excluding noncitizens contradicts the 14th Amendment, which requires that all people living in a state be counted, regardless of citizenship status. The administration claims noncitizens should not be counted for apportionment purposes because they are not fully integrated into the U.S. political system. The proposal comes after President Trump issued a directive in August 2025 to develop a "new" census as part of a broader redistricting effort aimed at helping Republicans maintain control of Congress. This has raised concerns about the fairness and accuracy of the census process, especially as legal challenges continue. Civil rights organizations and officials, including New York Attorney General Letitia James, have warned that the changes could violate constitutional protections and the Voting Rights Act, emphasizing that everyone living in the U.S. should be counted, regardless of immigration status. In addition to the proposed changes, Trump has cited a controversial report from the Trump-linked America First Policy Institute, which claims that thousands of noncitizens voted illegally in past elections. This report has been widely criticized for its lack of credible evidence and has been used to question the legitimacy of the 2020 election. Top Democratic leaders in Congress have called for the report to be withdrawn, arguing that it harms the credibility of the Census Bureau and undermines public trust in the electoral process.