In November 2025, a powerful solar storm disrupted GPS systems, causing them to drift by more than 10 meters for several hours. This affected various infrastructures that rely on precise satellite positioning, such as transportation, agriculture, and communication systems. The storm was triggered by multiple coronal mass ejections—massive bursts of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun—that struck Earth's magnetosphere on November 11, 2025. The resulting auroras were visible in unexpected places, including Florida and parts of Europe, far from the usual polar regions. The phenomenon, known as amplitude scintillation, occurs when satellite signals are distorted by changes in the ionosphere, the upper layer of Earth's atmosphere. Normally, these disturbances are limited to high latitudes, but in this case, the auroral oval—a region of intense solar activity—extended much farther toward the equator. This created a large area of increased electron density in the ionosphere, causing widespread signal distortion. Researchers led by physicist Endawoke Yizengaw from the Aerospace Corporation found that GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo systems all experienced errors exceeding 10 meters across thousands of kilometers in the United States. This kind of scintillation had never been observed at such low latitudes before. The impact of solar storms on human activities was previously demonstrated in May 2024, when a similar storm during the planting season caused over $565 million in losses for American farmers due to guidance errors in agricultural machinery. However, the November 2025 storm occurred outside of the agricultural season, which helped prevent major economic losses. If the same event had happened during planting or harvesting, it could have severely affected both the agricultural and transportation sectors. In France, for example, the Centipede RTK network, which uses a network of 625 GNSS bases to guide farm machinery with centimeter-level precision, would have been significantly impacted. Physicist Sandra Chapman from the University of Warwick has noted that extreme geomagnetic storms follow predictable patterns tied to the solar cycle. The current solar cycle, Cycle 25, has been active, producing the storms in May 2024 and November 2025. As this cycle continues, the next major solar eruption could occur during the harvest season, potentially leading to widespread disruptions. Scientists are urging increased preparedness to mitigate the risks posed by these powerful solar events.