Hollande's 2016 decision on Calais

In October 2016, then French President François Hollande announced plans to dismantle the "big jungle" in Calais, a makeshift camp housing thousands of displaced persons seeking asylum in the UK. The area had become a symbol of both refuge and struggle for those fleeing war and poverty in countries like Afghanistan, Sudan, and Eritrea.

The history of displacement in Calais

The issue of displaced persons in Calais dates back to the late 1990s, when the Sangatte camp was established and later closed by Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy. A second attempt to manage the situation began in 2015 with the creation of a "tolerance" area on the outskirts of the city, but it was increasingly restricted by authorities.

Conditions in the "big jungle"

The "big jungle" was an organized but precarious space with makeshift schools, places of worship, and food services. However, it was not universally accessible, and the promise of easier asylum procedures did not always reach those in need. Despite its challenges, it became a focal point for public awareness and activism.

Closure and harsher policies

Following Hollande’s announcement, the camp was forcibly closed in late 2016. The "zero fixed point" policy was introduced, which included removing shelters, erecting barriers, and restricting access to food and water. These measures aimed to prevent displaced persons from settling in the area, but they did not eliminate their presence.

Continued presence and human cost

Despite the harsh policies, displaced persons remained in Calais, driven by the proximity of the UK, just 32 kilometers away. Over the years, the conditions have been described as inhumane, with reports of cold, hunger, and police harassment. At least 347 people died attempting to cross the English Channel between 2016 and 2026.

Efforts to resist and support

In response to the harsh policies, local activists and organizations in Calais and Dunkirk continue to provide support through meeting places, information centers, and solidarity initiatives. Juliette Delaplace and Mariam Guerey, both residents of Calais, have been actively involved in helping displaced persons, particularly women and families, through groups like the Secours Catholique.