Google has signed a major electricity supply contract with Constellation Energy, totaling 3,590 megawatts, through the PJM Interconnection, the largest electricity transmission network in the United States. This agreement includes dedicated nuclear production, which will account for about 25 percent of Google's total energy supply. Constellation Energy, the largest commercial nuclear energy operator in the U.S., will invest over $4.3 billion to upgrade 11 nuclear reactors in Illinois, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. These reactors are all part of the PJM network and will see increased production capacity through technical upgrades. The agreement includes two main components. First, Google signed a 20-year electricity purchase contract for 890 megawatts from several nuclear power plants operated by Constellation. These plants will undergo upgrades to boost their output, with the first deliveries expected in 2028. Second, Google has also signed a long-term contract for 2,700 megawatts within the PJM network. This energy source is not tied to a specific fuel type, which helps ensure stable revenue for Constellation's fleet of power plants. Amanda Peterson Corio, global head of energy and electricity at Google, stated that the company is committed to responsibly addressing its energy needs by investing in clean and reliable power sources. This agreement reflects a broader trend among major cloud providers and AI companies, who are securing large electricity reserves to support their expanding data center operations. In recent years, tech giants like Microsoft have also signed agreements with nuclear operators, such as restarting the Three Mile Island reactor in Pennsylvania to power Microsoft's data centers. Similarly, Google had previously signed an agreement to restart the decommissioned NextEra Energy nuclear plant in Iowa. In 2025, Google reported a 37 percent increase in electricity consumption, the largest annual increase in its history, driven by the rapid expansion of its AI infrastructure. While Google claims to have met its electricity needs with 100 percent renewable energy, it acknowledged that the growth of its AI operations is outpacing the decarbonization of the electrical grid. This highlights the challenge of balancing AI's rapid expansion with long-term environmental goals. According to Google's environmental report, the company's total greenhouse gas emissions increased by 48 percent between 2019 and 2023, largely due to the rise in computing demand linked to the development of generative AI starting in 2022. However, the company has downplayed concerns, suggesting that energy and water use by AI data centers is often overstated. Google claims that processing a prompt with its Gemini AI model consumes the equivalent of 9 seconds of television energy and 5 drops of water. Some experts, however, believe these figures may be manipulated to make AI appear less energy-intensive.