Collective self-consumption (ACC), a system where local communities generate and use their own electricity, has become a focal point for mayors and local authorities, especially as traditional electricity purchase rates have declined. Current regulations are seen as too vague and not in line with European Union guidelines, making it difficult to manage this new type of legal entity. With electricity from the national provider, EDF OA, becoming less reliable, many local areas are turning to ACC as an alternative to manage their energy needs independently. According to Enerplan, a leading energy planning organization, there were 2,276 active ACC projects within the Enedis electricity distribution network by June 30, 2026—a more than twofold increase from the previous year. The SERCE, a union representing companies in the energy and digital transition, reported at the University of Photovoltaic Self-Consumption (UAPV) that nearly half of the mayors surveyed had ACC projects in development. Local energy loops, where electricity is produced and consumed within a defined area, have become a top priority for local authorities, surpassing concerns around transportation or building renovations. However, the regulatory landscape is changing, and some stakeholders warn that the new rules may complicate the growth of ACC. The National Federation of Concessional and Regulated Collectivities (FNCCR) highlighted Decree No. 2026-561, which modifies the rules for electricity distribution in ACC loops. Starting in July 2027, the focus will shift toward maximizing internal consumption, with distribution plans needing to be set before the electricity market opens. This means operators will no longer be able to adjust distribution after the fact, making the system more rigid. The French approach to ACC differs from the European Commission’s recommendations. The EU directive (EU) 2018/2001, updated in 2023, emphasizes voluntary participation and open governance in renewable energy communities, allowing households and small businesses to join without losing their status as regular customers. The directive also supports dynamic distribution systems that can adjust in real time to changes in energy production and consumption. In contrast, current French regulations lack clarity on how local authorities can recognize ACC as a public interest or how to treat electricity from local loops in procurement processes. Fabien Challeat, director of renewable energies at Syane, has called for greater involvement of local authorities to ensure ACC projects are sustainable and well-planned. He argues that long-term success depends on territorial actors who can manage land use, investments, and consumer relationships effectively. This approach aims to avoid overly ambitious but unproven commercial ventures and to ensure economic models are solid. However, a key challenge remains the need for third-party investment, which is crucial for many ACC projects. Local authorities also seek more control through their mixed economy companies, and they view the 20% value-added tax on photovoltaic installations as a significant barrier to competitiveness.