On November 4, 1966, Venice faced one of the worst floods in its history. Water levels surged to 194 centimeters above sea level, the highest recorded at the time. This event, known as "Acqua granda," or "Great Water," was the result of a combination of weather conditions. A low-pressure system brought heavy rainfall, while a strong sirocco wind—warm, dry winds that blow from the Sahara Desert toward the Mediterranean—pushed seawater from the Adriatic Sea into the city. This powerful wind, combined with the natural high tide, caused water to flood streets and buildings across Venice. The flood had devastating effects, submerging 80% of the city and leaving some areas underwater for an entire day. Thousands of homes, shops, and historical landmarks were damaged or destroyed. On the nearby island of Lido, waves reached up to 4 meters high, and the Murazzi, ancient stone dykes built in 1716 to protect the city, were severely damaged by the force of the water. The flooding also impacted other parts of northern Italy, including Florence, where the Arno River overflowed its banks, causing additional damage. In the aftermath of the 1966 flood, efforts were made to better understand and predict tidal patterns. A scientific service for observing and forecasting tides was established to help prevent future disasters. More than 30 years later, in 2003, Venice introduced the MOSE system, a series of mobile barriers designed to close off the city's inlets during high tides, preventing seawater from entering. The system aims to protect Venice from water levels up to 3 meters high. Despite these measures, concerns remain about the long-term effectiveness of MOSE. Rising sea levels, linked to global warming, and the increasing frequency of severe weather events pose ongoing threats to the city. Scientists and officials are still evaluating whether the MOSE system, along with other adaptive strategies, will be sufficient to protect Venice from future flooding as climate change continues to reshape the environment.