CBD labels may not reflect true contents

Products labeled "CBD" may contain substances not listed on their packaging. Health warnings emphasize the need to focus on a product’s actual composition rather than its commercial name.

CBD and synthetic cannabinoids differ

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural compound in cannabis, while synthetic cannabinoids mentioned in health alerts can affect the same receptors as THC, the main psychoactive component of cannabis. Their effects can be stronger and more unpredictable than CBD.

French health agencies issue warnings

In June 2025, the French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (ANSM) and the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (Anses) issued alerts about intoxications linked to CBD products. Undeclared substances and excessive THC levels were among the causes identified.

Adulteration adds hidden risks

The addition of undeclared substances, known as adulteration, is a concern. For example, synthetic cannabinoids may be added to plant products without being listed on the label. This means the product’s name and appearance alone cannot confirm its true composition.

Analyzing CBD products is complex

Laboratories use methods like chromatography to identify and measure cannabinoids. However, not all analyses look for the same substances. Measuring CBD and THC does not automatically mean all synthetic cannabinoids are tested.

Analytical results depend on methods

To interpret test results, it is important to know which molecules were tested, the method used, and the detection limits. A substance present below the detection threshold may not be identified. Sample preparation also plays a role in accuracy.

Batch control has limitations

A batch control does not guarantee the safety of all products in that batch. The results apply only to the tested sample. To relate them to a larger batch, it is necessary to identify the sample and ensure it is representative.

Comprehensive testing is essential

A CBD product’s safety cannot be confirmed solely by its cannabinoid content. Additional tests are needed to check for pesticides, metals, or microbiological contaminants. Internal laboratory testing does not automatically ensure reliable results.

Health risks require immediate action

Authorities warn that CBD products containing other substances can cause serious effects. If someone experiences confusion, convulsions, chest pain, or difficulty breathing after consumption, they should call emergency services at 15 or 112.