Sugar, a common ingredient in many foods we eat, can be harmful when consumed in large amounts. Dr. Jean-Michel Cohen emphasizes the importance of recognizing both the obvious and hidden sources of sugar in our diets and reducing them over time. The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that free sugars—those added to foods and drinks or found naturally in items like fruit juices—should make up less than 10% of the total energy we consume. Cutting this amount further, to less than 5%, may offer extra health benefits, especially regarding weight management and dental health. For someone eating around 2,000 calories a day, this would mean limiting free sugars to about 25 grams, though individual needs can vary. Free sugars include those added by food manufacturers, chefs, or individuals, as well as those naturally found in products like honey, syrups, and fruit juices. It's important to note that this guideline does not apply to sugars found in whole fruits, which are considered part of a healthy diet. In France, the Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (Anses) has set a daily limit of 100 grams for total sugars for adults, but this excludes lactose and galactose, which are types of sugars found in milk and dairy products. The distinction between free sugars and those found in whole foods is crucial for understanding how sugar impacts health. While whole fruits contain natural sugars, they also provide fiber, vitamins, and other beneficial nutrients that are not present in processed foods with added sugars. This highlights the importance of context when considering sugar intake. The recommendations from health organizations aim to guide individuals in making informed choices about their diet, promoting overall health and reducing the risk of conditions like obesity and tooth decay. In practical terms, reducing free sugar intake can involve simple changes such as limiting sugary beverages, reading food labels carefully, and choosing whole foods over processed alternatives. These steps can help individuals align their diets with the guidelines provided by health authorities. By being mindful of sugar consumption, people can take proactive steps toward better health without completely eliminating all forms of sugar from their lives.