The **Erasmus program**, launched by the European Union in 1987, supports international exchanges for European citizens through funding for individual stays and collaborative projects between organizations. Initially aimed at students, the program was renamed **Erasmus +** in 2014 to include apprentices, employees, and teachers. A 2014 study by the European Commission found that 27% of Erasmus students had found romantic partners through the program, with an estimated 1 million children born from these relationships. These "Erasmus children" are often seen as a symbol of the program's role in strengthening a shared European identity, as highlighted by El Periódico de Catalunya in 2016.
The program is not limited to university students. Apprentices, employees, and vocational training participants can also take part in **Erasmus +** mobility, including internships and training opportunities across Europe. María Gómez Ortueta, head of apprentices mobility in the **Erasmus +** program at Spain’s Sepie agency, explained that participants range from young people in traditional education tracks to students of music and dance conservatories, as well as individuals up to 60 years old seeking professional qualifications. The program is open to a wide range of professions, including teachers, youth group leaders, sports coaches, and even employees and job seekers. For example, Sebastian Maas, a journalist for Der Spiegel, participated in **Erasmus +** at the age of 35, though he faced some challenges in the process.
Participants can travel to the 27 EU member states, as well as six associated countries: Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Turkey. Stays in other countries are possible if they have partner universities. Switzerland has a special status and is set to rejoin the program on January 1, 2027. The United Kingdom, which left the program after Brexit, will soon return, with participation beginning in the academic year 2027-2028. Until then, up to 1,700 mobilities per year can be funded using 20% of **Erasmus +** funds for countries outside the program, an option available through 2026. Citizens of the European Union can stay in the UK for up to six months with an electronic travel authorization (ETA), and a student visa will be needed for longer study periods.
To apply, participants should start preparing early, as noted by Die Zeit: "You need to start about a year and a half in advance if you want to spend a year abroad and about a year for a semester abroad." Those interested in summer schools can apply in just a few weeks. It is important to note that academic years do not start at the same time everywhere; for example, the spring semester in Scandinavia begins as early as January. Applying to a partner institution of one's university can help transfer credits and access information more easily, especially through former students. Employees and apprentices should consult their employer, who must have an **Erasmus +** accreditation. Participation in "youth exchanges" or projects under the "European Solidarity Corps" is also possible without being a student. For information from France, the **Erasmus +** Youth and Sport website should be consulted.
Erasmus Program Expands to Include Workers, Apprentices, and More
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