Astronomers have identified the first jet from a black hole in the Milky Way galaxy that is directed toward Earth. The object, named IRAS 18293-0941, is located at a distance of 12,000 light-years from the Solar System, which is far too distant to pose any threat to Earth's biosphere. This discovery represents a unique opportunity to study an extremely powerful phenomenon. This is the first time that a black hole in our galaxy, the Milky Way, has been observed emitting a jet of matter directly toward Earth. The configuration had been predicted, but it had never been observed before. It should be noted that this jet of plasma, although propelled at a speed close to the speed of light, does not present any danger to our biosphere.
The IRAS 18293-0941 system consists of a massive and hot star that orbits around a black hole with 10 solar masses in less than 12 days. It is this black hole that produces two jets of matter from its accretion disk (the gas and dust swirling around it), one of which is directed directly toward us. According to astrophysicists, these jets are accelerated to three-quarters of the speed of light in a vacuum, approximately 225,000 km/s. According to the observations, the power of the jet is such that it would have "swept" a region of 100 light-years around it. We have nothing to fear because we are fortunately very far away.
The research team that announced the discovery of this first microblazar noticed its bright and compact core, which appeared to emit a jet. They therefore launched an extensive radio listening campaign that led to this world-first discovery. All wavelengths were used: radio, X-ray, gamma.
Blazars were already well known to astronomers: they are the name given to the cores of other galaxies whose jet is oriented toward us. However, by definition, these astronomical objects are distant, the closest being Markarian 421 at approximately 400 million light-years, or 30,000 times farther than the IRAS 18293-0941 system. The existence of microblazars (therefore within our galaxy) had been predicted for 30 years, but never confirmed before. Distant blazars are too far away to be resolved in our images. Having an analogous object in our galaxy allows for a detailed study of the physics of blazars. Its relative proximity keeps us safe from its destructive range while offering researchers a unique opportunity: to dissect a natural particle accelerator of extraordinary power.
Astronomers Discover First Milky Way Black Hole Jet Directed Toward Earth
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