Digital license to appear on smartphones by 2031

By 2031, the European Union plans to replace traditional driver's licenses with a digital version stored on smartphones. This change aims to modernize the way drivers prove their qualifications, using technology that is already widely used.

New directive sets legal framework

The European Commission has approved a new directive, (EU) 2025/2205, which updates the 2006/126/EC directive on driver's licenses. This new framework will create a mobile license that works across all 27 EU member states and integrates into a national digital identity wallet by the end of 2026.

Digital license will be legally valid

The new digital license will not be a simple image of the current card. Instead, it will be a secured file signed by the issuing authority, stored on a smartphone. The information on the license, such as name, date of birth, and categories, will remain the same as on the current card. The directive ensures the digital version has the same legal value as the physical one in all member states.

Design will vary, but data will be standardized

While the appearance of the digital license may differ between countries and apps, the data it contains will be standardized. This ensures that law enforcement can verify the license using a QR code or NFC technology, regardless of the country. The system will use an official list of authorized administrations, maintained by the European Commission, to confirm the license's validity.

Timeline for implementation

The transition to digital licenses follows a clear timeline. By the end of 2030, all member states must offer a mobile license that works anywhere in the EU. The Commission has until November 26, 2026, to finalize the technical details. After a 54-month period, all member states will recognize the mobile licenses, with the general rollout expected around 2031.

Physical licenses will remain optional

The transition to digital licenses will not require drivers to surrender their physical cards. Initially, the use of a smartphone-based license will be optional. Drivers can still request a credit card-style license, which will have the same legal value. However, older paper licenses will need to be replaced by 2033, as they will no longer be valid.

Checking the license will remain familiar

Law enforcement will continue to verify the license using a QR code or NFC technology, even with the digital version. The system is designed to work offline, avoiding reliance on mobile networks during checks. Revoking a license will also be easier, as the digital file can be deactivated remotely after an administrative or judicial decision.

Handling lost or stolen devices

If a smartphone is lost or stolen, the process for replacing the license will remain similar to the current one. A police report will be needed, followed by a request for a new license from the local administration. In the case of theft, the digital license can be blocked and transferred to a new device. This also benefits car rental companies, which can more easily verify a driver's eligibility.