The demand for organ transplants is growing faster than the supply of donated organs from both living and deceased donors. In 2025, France performed 6,148 organ transplants, a number similar to that recorded in 2017. However, the number of patients waiting for a transplant has risen sharply, increasing by 50% between January 1, 2017, when there were 15,538 people on the list, and January 1, 2026, when the number had climbed to 23,294. This growing gap between supply and demand has raised concerns about the long-term sustainability of the current system. To address these challenges, the National Consultative Ethics Committee (CCNE), a body that advises on bioethics issues in France, has updated its stance on organ transplantation. The committee last issued an opinion on organ donation in 2011, but in its latest statement, opinion 152, dated September 10, 2026, it outlines seven new proposals aimed at improving the ethical framework around transplantation. The committee also emphasized the importance of xenotransplantation, the use of animal organs in human patients, which has become a significant topic in the field of transplant medicine. Xenotransplantation has gained attention as a potential solution to the shortage of human organs, but it raises complex ethical and scientific questions. The Academy of Medicine highlighted its importance in 2025, recognizing the need for careful regulation and research to ensure safety and fairness. The CCNE’s updated opinion reflects this growing awareness and seeks to provide guidance on how to approach this emerging area responsibly. The committee’s proposals include recommendations on consent, transparency, and the equitable distribution of transplants, as well as the ethical considerations of using animal organs. These suggestions aim to balance the urgent need for more organs with the moral and legal responsibilities of the medical community. As the number of people waiting for transplants continues to rise, such ethical guidance becomes increasingly vital to shaping the future of organ donation and transplantation in France.